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@DFBF.ADF IBM 6157 Tape Adapter Card
6157 Streaming Tape Drive Adapter
It has a male DB37 external port.
U28 is the only non-DIP chip on the adapter.
U28 is brown in color. It has a metal top with a sunken center.
The base PCB is brown
ECA 065: 6157 Streaming Tape Drive
The 6157 Streaming Tape Drive Adapter/A , FRU P/N 92X1459 qualifies
for this ECA.
DETAIL: The 6157 Streaming Tape Drive may not operate properly
or cause the PS/2 Micro Channel system that it is installed in to hang
unexpectedly or perform partial tape backups. The problem is potentially
caused by Direct Memory Access (DMA) timing variances between the 6157
Tape Adapter/A and the PS/2 Micro Channel system bus.
Tthe new FRU, P/N 37F6718, fixes this problem.
-001 Model Highlights
The 6157 is designed to provide
a stand-alone tape backup unit which stores up to 55Mb of data (Burst data
rate of 5Mb/minute) on a standard 1/4-inch tape cartridges (uses the QIC-2
interface). It allows the user to transfer data from a fixed disk to a
tape cartridge for safe storage or data interchange. The 6157 allows
either a file-image backup or a file-by-file backup. To enhance performance,
the unit formats the tape while recording and the read-after-write head
detects errors while recording. The LED on the front panel of the unit
is used to indicate drive status to the user.
-002 Model Highlights
The IBM 6157 Model 002 provides
the same functions and features as the Model 001. The Model 002 offers
more than double the storage capacity (150Mb/cartridge) of the Model 001.
The 6157 Model 002 has a read/write speed of 150Mb in 30 minutes (approximately
5Mb per minute). Tapes recorded on the Model 001 are readable on the Model
002. Tapes recorded on the Model 002 are not readable on the Model
001.
To insert a tape, Turn the lever clockwise, pull out the drawer.
insert the tape into the drawer with the metal side down and the top of
the tape to the left. Push the drawer & tape in. Turn the lever
counter clockwise.
The SY-TOS/IBM 6157 Tape Utilities,
when combined with the IBM 6157 Streaming Tape Drive, provide an easy-to-use,
versatile, and high performance tape save/restore system for the IBM Personal
Computer. The utilities come with two menu systems:
o EZ-function
o Advance.
SY-TOS/IBM 6157 Tape Utilities
support file, partition, or entire disk backup and restore. A security
system, library system, multiple file sessions on the same tape, and online
HELP system are
features in SY-TOS. SY-TOS is a trademark of Sytron Corporation.
DESCRIPTION
SY-TOS/IBM 6157 Tape Utilities,
combined with the IBM 6157 Streaming Tape drive, provide an easy-to-use,
versatile, high performance tape save/restore system. The utilities
come with two menu systems: EZ-Function and Advance. In addition
to the menu systems, SY-TOS/IBM 6157 Tape Utilities provide the capability
to enter commands directly from the DOS prompt. SY-TOS/IBM 6157 Tape
Utilities also provide a configuration utility to allow customization of
the program.
A security system for both tape
and disk access is provided. The utility supports file, partition, or disk
transfers; in addition, there is the capability to restore selected files
from a disk backup.
Multiple file sessions and disk
sequences can reside on the same tape. The ability to have several
tape volumes for systems whose disk capacity is larger than the tape capacity
is also
supported. SY-TOS/IBM 6157 Tape Utilities allow the user to restore
information to another disk.
SY-TOS/IBM 6157 Tape Utilities
provide the ability to have the system select files based on user specified
criteria. The menu systems, configuration utility, Library system,
Journal option, and
online Help system combine to make SY-TOS/IBM 6157 Tape Utilities a
powerful, yet easy-to-use product.
SY-TOS Version 2.0 includes support
for the IBM Token-Ring network and Novell(2) network operating with the
IBM Token-Ring Network Adapters.
BSD Bob
It can be used on an RT or a PS/2 (usually a Model 80 with AIX). The
standard 6157 is a 9 track low density tape drive that will run tapes from
50-1000 feet, provided you don't mind the tape wait timeouts on tapes longer
than 620 feet. The 6157-002 is the 18 track version for DC600A or
DC6150 tapes. The 002 will read the low density tapes, but not write
them. The 002 will not run longer than 620 foot tapes, in my hands.
(anyone know why?) The manuals say you should not run DC300 tapes through
the thing, but I have done that on mine for years, and don't have any significant
tape wear (DC300 tapes are not too common anymore so you probably won't
have to worry about that).
On the RT, the thing will stream continuously on BSD, but on the PS/2,
it shoeshines, unless you have a special tar with the numbers of blocks
set to 2000 or such, and sufficient memory to
buffer it, or dd the tarballs out to tape. I don't remember,
offhand, what AIX does with it on the RT.
> if so, any idea how i find out what card to run it from. i have
at least one RT card that has the correct connector. a _long_ serial type.
I don't remember the card offhand, but it is the only one in the RT
with the 36 pin DB connector, that I am aware of. If you have a stock
RT, that will probably be the only card that it can hook up to. I was thinking
it was a half length ISA card though. The PS/2 MCA card is a full
length thing with the same connector on the back.
The drive mechanism is a Cipher. The small locking knob on the
front will break easily, but you can find a replacement from any radio
shop that will usually work, or find an old Beckman DU spectrophotometer
and use the light gate knob off of that for antique appeal, like I did.
Clean the head about every 20 to 30 tapes, using a cotton swab and a
little isopropyl alcohol, being very careful not to get the alcohol on
the drive wheel. If the drive wheel is soft and mushy (decomposing
due to bad rubber compounding), you can take a piece of ordinary gas or
air hose, and usually find a size that will fit and be approximately the
same diameter, and superglue it in place on the drive wheel hub. The box
is a humdinger to get apart, requiring the judicious insertion
of 4 long shank flat bladed screwdrivers into the bottom locking holes
(after removing the cork feet) and then gently prying the release tabs
towards the centerline of the box. Do not remove the drive mount
screws until the box is open.....(:+\\...... It is a 5 handed operation.
After the box is open, disassembling the drive to get at that rubber wheel
is more pain, but can be done if you are careful and don't lose any parts.
Big Blue did not intend for joe enduser to open it up often.
> For example, which of the many cartridges will it use?
Peter says:
The IBM 6157 (naturally a CIPHER 540S) is a QIC-150 tape drive
(150MB)
The -001 is a 60MB using standard DC-600 cardridges, may
run on higher (-H and -E) but needs to reformat them after a bulk-erase.
The -002 is a 120 / 150MB using DC-6120 / DC-600H and DC-600E (extended
lenght).
The 3M 600A (60/120MB) 600 feet, 12.500 ftpi / 550 hci
(Oerstad) will fit in both most likely. Compatible is the BASF DC 600 HS
(same data). The Mod. 002 will also like the 3M 6150 (a.k.a. 600-E / -XL
extended length), the 60MB might choke on it a bit.
I used them on various Wangtek / Maynard 60 - 120 - 150MB
with no problems.
6157 TAPE INFORMATION FOR AIX BACKUP COMMAND
Mark Whetzel:
The correct descriptions for the -s and -d flags of the AIX
backup command are:
-slength
Specifies the length of the usable space
on a tape medium. This is a combination of the physical length and the
number of tracks on the tape. The default "length" is 2700.
To get the value for "length", you should multiply
the physical length of the tape by the number of tracks (see table below).
-ddensity
Specifies the amount of data a system
can write to a tape medium in bytes per inch. The default "density" is
700 bytes per inch.
The density written to the tape is hardware
controlled and can not be changed. The 6157-001 writes at 10,000 ftpi (flux
transactions per inch) which is approximately equivalent to a density rating
of 8,000 bits per inch. The 6157-002 writes at 12,500 ftpi which is equivalent
to a density rating of 10,000 bits per inch.
The -d (density) parameter is used with
0.5 inch tape drives to specify the density, such as 800, 1600, or 6250
bpi, but doesn't affect the density, that is, bits per inch, of the 6157.
The -d parameter is used for the 6157
in the calculation of what quantity of data will be put on the tape. To
increase the amount of data on the tape, the value for -d should be 1000
for 6157-001 or 1200 for 6157-002.
Reference: AIX/RT Commands Reference Volume 1, SC23-2011-1, page
91.
AIX
PS/2 Commands Reference, SC23-2025, page 35.
CALCULATION OF TAPE CAPACITY:
The following formula yields the approximate
capacity of a tape:
# tracks * length * 11 inches * density
= capacity (in bytes).
9 * 300 * 11 * 1000 =
29,700,000 bytes or about 29 MB
18 * 600 * 11 * 1200 = 142,560,000
bytes or about 142 MB
The "11 inches" is the length of the
recording foot, the actual amount of data stored on the tape per foot,
and the interblock gaps take up approximately 1 inch per foot.
TABLE:
For the following AIX command(s), the values for -s and -d are
in the table below:
find ./ -print : backup -iv -C2000
-f/dev/rmt0 -sXXXX -dYYYY
Recommendations for 6157-001:
TAPE CARTRIDGE LENGTH TRACKS
-s -d CAPACITY
3M DC 300A 300 feet
9 2700 1000 29 MB
3M DC 300XLP 450 feet
9 4050 1000 44 MB
3M DC 600A 600 feet
9 5400 1000 59 MB
Recommendations for 6157-002:
TAPE CARTRIDGE LENGTH TRACKS
-s -d CAPACITY
3M DC 600A 600 feet
15 9000 1200 118 MB
3M DC 600XTD 600 feet
18 10800 1200 142 MB
================== end of included netnews article ========================
[ More of my comments now... MW ]
Nowdays the 600XTD cartridge has been replaced with the 6150 cartrige.
This is the same drive that the RS6000 needs for it's original quarter
inch (7207? can't remember number soup right now) model 1 tape drive.
> Also, is anyone using tape software other than tar or backup??? Is
there any special tape software for this drive?
There was a version of SYTOS tape backup software for the RT that understood
how to access the drive from AIX V2. I have a copy gathering
dust around here someplace.
6157-001 drive (RT 6150)
Write at 10000 ftpi = 8000 bits/in = 1000 bytes/in. Format: QIC-24
Speed 90 inches/second
Only DC300XLP recommended due to tape head wear.
By experiment, writes:
DC300XLP: 46*2000 blocks = 92000 blocks; 923*100
blocks = 92300 blocks
DC600A: 63*2000 blocks = 126000 blocks; 1275*100
blocks = 127500 blocks
DC6150: 63*2000 blocks = 126000 blocks; 1275*100
blocks = 127500 blocks
Backup flags:
DC300XLP: -s4000 -d1000 -C2000
gives 92000 blocks. tar -s4000@1000
DC600A: -s5400 -d1000 -C2000
gives 126000 blocks. tar -s5400@1000
DC6150: -s5400 -d1000 -C2000
gives 126000 blocks. tar -s5400@1000
6157-002 drive (RT 6150)
Write at 12500 ftpi = 10000 bits/in = 1250 bytes/in.
By experiment, writes:
DC300XLP: Read only
DC600A: 131*2000 blocks = 262000 blocks; 2638*100 blocks
= 263800 blocks
DC6150: 157*2000 blocks = 314000 blocks; 3155*100 blocks
= 315500 blocks
Backup flags:
DC600A: -s9000 -d1250 -C2000
gives 262000 blocks. tar -s9000@1250
DC6150: -s10750 -d1250 -C2000
gives 314000 blocks. tar -s10750@1250
From: Herb Peyerl (root@blender.UUCP)
Subject: Re: 6157 tape problems
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.rt
Date: 1989-09-17 20:18:23 PST
> Lately there have been write errors on the drive, and the backup aborts.
Other times the backup stops and just asks to reinsert the same volume
(tape). The backup continues, but gives no clue why (the tape is
then <50% full).
I've come across this problem at my old job and left before it was solved.
From what I've been told by my replacement, the solution was to get an
update to 2.2.1. What would happen was, after having backed up ~50
Mb, 'backup' would come back and say "Backup MEDIUM I/O Error". Once
the updates were applied this problem went away.
Also, backups were REAL slow for us until we found that by increasing
the buffer-size which defaults to 20 blocks to 2000 blocks, it drastically
decreased the time involved for backups.
ie: The command we used:
li -Ra pathname | backup -i -v -r -f /dev/rmt0 -s10000 -d1000 -C2000
-s10000 : 18 tracks * 600 feet yields 10800 feet of tape.
I just
chopped
off 800 for safety.
-d1000 : apparently dc600xtd (or the newer dc6150) tapes
are rated
for 1200bpi.
To be safe I used 1000.
-C2000 : This is what actually speeds up the backup.
Default
without
the switch is 20. That causes a fair bit of
tape movement.
ie: slowdown.
Just two weeks ago, I timed a backup of 65 meg on a system with 6 active
users, and it took 22 minutes. So for 250Meg you'll probably be looking
at an hour and a bit. Still pretty good.
From: Jim Repass (repass@austin.ibm.com)
Subject: Re: 6157s and rdump
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.rt
Date: 1993-11-15 17:31:25 PST
> We use the 6157 streaming tape drives on our RTs (running Mach 2.5)
to backup other machines on the same subnetwork, and it takes an
inordinate amount of time --- about 20 meg/hour. I notice that the
tape seems to have a lot of what appear to be seek failures (forward, backspace,
forward, backspace, etc.)
The 6157 has to get "up to speed" before writing data. What you are
seeing is the backing up that is necessary to get a running start at the
next record to be written. I'm not sure that is clear, let me try
a picture.
---- write ----->
--- stop tape --->
(now we do the next write)
<----- backspace tape --------
- start --- --- write ----->
--- stop tape --->
<----- backspace tape --------
- start --- --- write ----->
The -> and <- are to indicate tape movement.
The way to minimize this is to make the write blocksize as large as
possible. If I remember correctly (and this was with AIX 2.2.1), I used
the -C option of backup as in backup -C2000 . . . This wrote
1 meg records instead of the default. Time savings was significant.
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