Ardent Tool of Capitalism

8570/80 - 486DLC2 Upgrade

194-377 Options by IBM: Processor Upgrade Products (PDF)
S83G-8275 Options by IBM Hardware Maintenance Manual Supplement

Lightning 486 Installation Guide 486/BL66 for PS/2 Models 70 & 80 (Kingston)
IBM PS/2 Blue Lightning Processor Upgrade (txt)

Note: You must use 8570/80 Reference Diskette Version 1.10 or later.

Blue Lightning Utilities

Different formats but the same contents - a set of utilities and batch files that allow you to disable/enable the Lightning 486 cache:

blc_util.exe Blue Lightning utility diskette (self-extracting disk image)
blc_util.zip Blue Lightning utility diskette (zipped image)
Lightning_486bl66 Kingston 486/BL66 for 8570/8580 utility diskette (self-extracting archive)

To control cache speed under OS/2 or DOS (but not in a DOS session under OS/2), run FAST or SLOW from the command prompt:

• Type slow to disable BL cache
• Type fast to enable BL cache

To permanently affect caching options, use SW-1 on bank 1.

Proper Numbers

"The mentioned P/N 71G2610 is wrong. This is the Reply "Model 60/80 Upgrade Board" P/N. Look HERE. The correct numbers are HERE.

FRU P/N ASM P/N  DESCRIPTION                   OPTION P/N
------- -------- ----------------------------- ----------
13H6701 78G2528  486DLC2 PROCESSOR FRU 13H6698 OP7080Y

Wolf says: I have another one on my 70/80 486DLC2 upgrade: 78G4583

"IBM PS/2 - Processor upgrade options, Applicable to: EMEA"

So, it might be possible the tip does not apply in the US?

486DLC2 System Board Upgrade

FRU P/N 13H6698
FRU P/N 13H6701, P/N 71G2610
P/N 78G4583 (assy?), 78G4585 (PCB?), FCC ID ANO71F3164

SW1 Switch Bank 1 (4x) SW2 Switch Bank 2 (6x) U1 TL7702AC Supply-Voltage Supervisor U7 66.666 MHz osc U8 Hypertec HYP0401 (data buffer?)	P1 PGA-132 plug U2 LT1117 Voltage Regulator U11 IBM 50G3589 486DLC2-66 CPU U13 Hypertec HYP0401 (data buffer?) U15 Hypertec HYP0301

U8,13,15 Hypertec ASICs; The same chips as on the Hypertec 50Z Upgrade. The chip labeling was painted over with a black sharpie. (IBM trying to obscure the true origins of the upgrade?)

The Blue Lightning 486BL2 is an integrated 32-bit CPU with a 486 instruction set, a 33/66 MHz clock, and 16KB of cache. The clock-doubling speed and internal 16KB cache may enhance performance up to seven times over a 386DX processor (depending on application). The 486BL2 CPU uses an optimized instruction set and supports an enhanced CISC architecture ensuring compatibility with this architecture.

The 486BL2 allows for a Math CoProcessor for non-integer application performance. It also supports bus mastering adapters, if they are present in system.

Note: To be sehr klar, the 486DLC2 / 486BL2 does NOT have an FPU, and requires a math coprocessor / NPU / FPU / 387DX with a speed equal to or higher of the host system. Example: Your 8580 has a 20 MHz system speed. FPU must be rated for at least 20 MHz. You can drop in a 387DX-25 into a 20 MHz system, but it will only run at the system speed of 20 MHz.

Important: Always run Diagnostics with Blue Lightning Processor Upgrade cache disabled. (BANK-1 SW-1 OFF = cache disable for testing purposes!)

486DLC2 Upgrade Supported Systems

Model 70 (8570) A16, A21, A61, A81, E61, 061, 081, 121, 161

Type 1 - Long	Type 2 - Short	Type 3 - 25 MHz

Type 1 planar covers entire base, battery assembly plugs into planar. Note: NO extender!
Type 2 planar does not cover entire base, a cable connects battery assembly to planar.
Type 3 planar covers entire base, CPU board under floppy, battery assembly plugs into planar.

Model 80 (8580) A16, A21, A31, 041, 071, 081, 111, 121, 161, 311, 321

Type 1	Type 2	Type 3

Type 1 - most 16 MHz, some 20 MHz planars.
Type 2 - most 20 MHz, some 16 MHz planars. Note: Extender NEEDED!
Type 3 - 25 MHz planars (386DX "A" series).

132-Pin PGA Socket Extender

The 132-pin PGA Socket Extender is required on 8570 Type 2 and 3 planars, and on 8580 Type 2 planars, in order to raise the Lightning 486 board above components on the planar.

Note: Extender is not needed on a Model 70 Type 1 or Model 80 Type 1 or 3 planar.

80386DX chip extractor tool

Switch Bank 1 Default Switch settings

Switch Bank 2 Default Switch settings

Switch Bank 1 function 

B1S1 - Enable cache at startup. All system memory (up to 32 MB) is automatically cached and the cache may be turned on or off from startup. Caching should always be enabled from startup unless you have a particular software application which will not load with caching enabled. This switch is only read at power on, not on a warm boot (Ctl+Alt+Del).

B1S2 - Interrupt Cache Flush Enable - cache is flushed whenever INT 9d occurs.

B1S3 - Interrupt Cache Flush Enable - cache is flushed whenever INT 10d occurs.

B1S4 - Interrupt Cache Flush Enable - cache is flushed whenever INT 10d occurs

Note: Interrupt Cache Flush Enable - This can be OFF for all Type I and Type II systems for optimal performance. For Type III systems with Bus Master Adapters, Interrupt Cache Flushing should be ON for those IRQs used by the Bus Master Adapters in the system. Adapters that use PIO should not need to enable flushing the cache as they do not use IRQs.

Important: Always run Diagnostics with 486/BL66 cache disabled. (BANK-1 SW-1 OFF = cache disable for testing purposes !) 

Switch Bank 2 function 

B2S1 - Interrupt Cache Flush Enable - cache is flushed whenever INT 14d occurs.

B2S2 - The default (ON) caches adapter card ROMs for faster RAM count and is only active before system boots. If system stops after memory count completes, try turning this switch OFF. The RAM count will be slower, but system performance after boot will not be adversely affected.

B2S3 - The default (ON) allows for memory mapped devices above 32 MB of extended memory and allows for normal RAM in the 14 to 16 MB region. Set to OFF if a memory mapped device (i.e. XGA video adapter) is located in the 14 to 16 MB region.

B2S4 - The default (OFF) enables a write pipeline to absorb CPU writes into a buffer to reduce CPU wait states. If you are connected to a network and experience problems, turn Bank 2 Switch 4 to ON.

B2S5 - The default (OFF) does NOT flush cache on writes to C000-DFFF. For XGA / XGA-2 adapters, set Bank 2 Switch 5 to OFF to flush the cache on writes to C000-DFFF. In order to maintain video integrity, the L1 cache needs to be flushed when the 486/BL66 detects writes to the C000-DFFF region.

B2S6 - Interrupt Cache Flush Enable - cache is flushed whenever INT 15d occurs

Note: Interrupt Cache Flush Enable - This can be OFF for all Type I and Type II systems for optimal performance. For Type III systems with Bus Master Adapters, Interrupt Cache Flushing should be ON for those IRQs used by the Bus Master Adapters in the system. Adapters that use PIO should not need to enable flushing the cache as they do not use IRQs.

XGA Video Adapters

If your XGA / XGA2 is unable to run in XGA display mode, check two things:

1. XGA may be loading 1MB of VRAM into 14MB - 16MB system memory address range. If the 1MB VRAM Aperture is disabled or the XGA is run in VGA mode, the display is fine.

Either set Switch 3 on SW2 to OFF to avoid caching this memory region, or update ADF file for the XGA adapter. Older ADFs load the 1MB VRAM into the memory range between 15MB and 16MB. Newer ADF files load the video memory between 63MB and 64MB.

2. XGA is using an IRQ which must have the cache flushed. Verify which IRQ the XGA adapter is using and enable the cache flush mode for that IRQ setting.

The default settings work with standard hard drive controllers. If problems are encountered, enable all interrupts. If they disappear, but performance is degraded, selectively disable those interrupts not requiring cache flushing for proper operation. As a rule, for optimum performance only flush cache on IRQs used by bus master adapters and controllers which use DMA.

Installing the Blue Lightning Upgrade

1. Power-OFF computer
2. Remove Power-Cable
3. Open/lift Machine cover
4. Remove HD(s) / Adapters
5. Locate Processor on System Board (Pin 1)
6. Remove Processor (80386)
7. If this is a 8580 -111,121,311 or 321 use 132-Pin PGA socket Extender (Pin1 to Pin1)
8. Install Blue Lightning into Processor/PGA socket (Pin-1 to Pin-1)
9. If a SCSI Adapter is installed, Switch Bank 2 / SW-6 must be ON.
10. Reinstall all previously removed Cable/Adapter
11. Reconnect Power cord
12. Power-ON system

Running Diagnostics on Blue Lightning

Note: Before running diags, check that the processor upgrade card is fully seated in planar.
Important: Always run Diagnostics with 486/BL66 cache disabled. (BANK-1 SW-1 OFF = cache disable for testing purposes!)

1. Power-off computer.
2. Insert 70/80 Reference Diskette in drive A.
3. Power-on computer.
4. Follow instructions on screen to test processor upgrade.

• If tests cannot find a problem, replace upgrade with a 80386 (original 80386 will do).
  
• If failure does not occur again, replace processor upgrade with a new one.
  
• If failure does occur again, replace planar, and reinstall original processor upgrade.
  
• If failure occurs again after replacing planar, replace processor upgrade also.